Emetteur | Ville libre impériale d'Aix-la-Chapelle (Allemagne - États) |
---|---|
Période |
Ville libre (1166-1801)
|
Type | Pièce courante |
Dates | 1757-1798 |
Valeur | 12 heller = 6 Pfennig = 1⁄48 Thaler (1⁄108) |
Devise | Thaler (1504-1798) |
Composition | Bronze |
Poids | 4,4 g |
Diamètre | 24 mm |
Epaisseur | 1 mm |
Forme | Ronde |
Orientation | Frappe monnaie ↑↓ |
Démonétisée | Oui |
Numéro |
N# 3957
Numista type number (https://en.numista.com/help/what-is-the-n-number-visible-in-the-catalogue-33.html)
|
Références |
KM# 51 ![]() Et 5 autres volumes. |
Millésime entourant l'aigle impérial du blason de la ville d'Aix-la-Chapelle
Inscription :
17 97
G S
La valeur faciale et l'émetteur : ville impériale d'Aix-la-Chapelle
Inscription :
XII
HELLER
REICHS
STADT
ACHEN
Lisse
(en) NOTE: many varieties exist. See https://www.aachen-muenzen.com/st%C3%A4dtische-pr%C3%A4gungen/12-heller/nicht-editierte-12-heller/ for an extensive study and loads of information. Also for 1791 IK 'some coins exist with an error where the date has been struck upside down mistaking the eagles upper and lower sides'.
Some varieties in 1793.
Obverse
Eagle has wide feathers on wings and ball shape tail of 6 feathers.
Reverse
Die A - no flowers on the sides of XII, the bottom floral design has flower to the right of legend.
Die B - left and right sides of XII and the center of the bottom floral design are decorated with flower.
In 1166, Aachen was given imperial immediacy and declared a Free Imperial City of the Holy Roman Empire by Emperor Frederick I, called Barbarossa, by means of the Charlemagne Privilege (Karlsprivileg). Aachen played a part in the league which kept the peace between 1351 and 1387 between the Meuse and the Rhine. In 1450 a rebellion led to the acceptance of the guilds to a share in local government. In the 16th century Aachen began declining in importance and prosperity. It was too close to the Kingdom of France frontier to be safe, and too far from the Holy Roman Empire to be convenient as a capital city. In 1562 the Imperial election and Coronation of the Holy Roman Emperor Maximilian II took place at Frankfurt, a precedent followed until the end of the Holy Roman Empire. The Protestant Reformation brought trouble to Aachen. In 1580 Protestantism got the upper hand; an Imperial ban resulted and was imposed in 1598 by Ernest of Bavaria, archbishop-elector of Cologne. A religious relapse of the city led to a new Imperial ban by Emperor Matthias in 1613, and in 1614 Ambrogio Spinola's Spanish Army forced the recalcitrant city back into the Catholic fold. In 1656 a great fire destroyed 4,000 houses. This calamity completed the ruin started by the Thirty Years' War.
Aachen hosted several Peace conferences, those ending the War of Devolution and the War of the Austrian Succession. By the Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle, dated 2 May 1668, Louis XIV of France was compelled, by the Triple Alliance between Kingdom of England, the Dutch Republic, and the Kingdom of Sweden, to abandon the War of Devolution against Southern Netherlands. The treaty forced the King to restore the County of Burgundy, which he had conquered, and to be content with owning twelve Flemish fortifications. The second Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle, dated 18 October 1748, ended the War of the Austrian Succession. By the terms of the Treaty of Lunéville, Aachen was incorporated in the French First Republic as chief town in the Roer Department. Later, the Congress of Vienna gave Aachen to the Kingdom of Prussia.
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Date | Tirage | AB | B | TB | TTB | SUP | SPL | FDC | Fréquence | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indéterminée | ||||||||||||
1757 | 1,4% | |||||||||||
1758 | 1 874 000 | 8,45 $ | 10% | |||||||||
1758 MR | 0,7% | |||||||||||
1759 | 1 713 000 | 5,17 $ | 5,17 $ | 13% | ||||||||
1759 MR | 2% | |||||||||||
1760 | 1 900 000 | 2,34 $ | 4,87 $ | 4,87 $ | 14% | |||||||
1760 MR | 2,72 $ | 2% | ||||||||||
1761 MR | 300 000 | 3% | ||||||||||
1764 IK | 150 000 | 1,4% | ||||||||||
1765 IK | 1 200 000 | 1,16 $ | 4,48 $ | 10 $ | 13% | |||||||
1767 IK | 1 248 000 | 3,76 $ | 6,88 $ | 6,88 $ | 6,88 $ | 17% | ||||||
1790 | 1 400 000 | 1,0% | ||||||||||
1791 | 4,20 $ | 4,20 $ | 5,08 $ | 17% | ||||||||
1791 IK | 3% | |||||||||||
1791 IK | 1,1% | (en) upside down | ||||||||||
1792 | 1 750 000 | 2,93 $ | 4,90 $ | 4,90 $ | 12 $ | 21% | ||||||
1793 | 350 000 | 3% | ||||||||||
1794 | 1 260 000 | 3,23 $ | 5,39 $ | 5,85 $ | 8,48 $ | 19% | ||||||
1797 | 408 000 | 3% | ||||||||||
1797 GS | 12 $ | 3% | ||||||||||
1798 | 2% |
Les valeurs dans le tableau ci-dessus sont exprimées en USD. Elles sont basées sur les évaluations des membres de Numista et sur des ventes réalisées sur Internet. Elles servent seulement d'indication ; elles ne sont pas destinées à définir un prix pour acheter, vendre ou échanger. Numista n'achète et ne vend pas de pièces ou billets.
Les fréquences représentent le pourcentage d'utilisateurs de Numista qui possèdent chaque année ou variété parmi tous ceux qui possèdent cette pièce. Comme certains utilisateurs possèdent plusieurs années, le total peut être supérieur à 100%.
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